A sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) block is a medical procedure used to manage certain types of head and facial pain. The sphenopalatine ganglion is a collection of nerve cells located behind the nose, and it plays a role in transmitting pain signals for conditions like migraines. When a local anesthetic is applied to this area, it may interrupt these pain signals, offering temporary relief from symptoms. Here is more information about SPG blocks for migraine treatment:
Treats Idiopathic Facial Pain
The SPG is connected to the trigeminal nerve, which is a major pathway for facial sensation. Because the procedure directly targets this neural hub, it sometimes involves a diagnostic tool to determine if the SPG is related to a patient’s pain. This approach may provide information about pain mechanisms for individuals experiencing idiopathic facial pain.
Medical providers also use SPG blocks for trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, a group of headache disorders that lead to severe pain on one side of the head. The procedure targets autonomic pathways that contribute to symptoms like tearing and nasal congestion. Blocking these signals is one method of addressing the cluster of symptoms associated with these conditions.
Uses Intranasal Approach
A standard method for performing SPG blocks is the intranasal approach, which avoids needles. A provider may first have you lie down and tilt your head back. This position enables the anesthetic to reach the deep nasal cavity area effectively, providing targeted anesthesia.
A special applicator, such as a cotton swab or small catheter, goes into each nostril. Since the ganglion is found behind the nasal passages, the applicator must advance carefully until it reaches the posterior wall of the nasopharynx. They then administer an anesthetic through this device.
Providers typically use a local anesthetic, and the medication is absorbed through the thin tissue overlying the ganglion. While generally well-tolerated, some people may have a temporary bitter taste or numbness in the throat. The intranasal method is a minimally invasive technique for delivering the anesthetic.
Takes One Minute
The application of the anesthetic for an SPG block is a fast process. After the provider positions the applicator, the entire administration of medication typically takes less than one minute to complete. You will remain lying down for a short period afterward to allow the anesthetic to absorb fully. The procedure involves a few simple steps:
- Positioning the head
- Inserting the applicator
- Administering the anesthetic
While the procedure itself is quick, patients are typically monitored for a brief time in the clinic.
Reduces Migraine Symptoms
An SPG block may reduce the severity of migraine symptoms for some individuals. Autonomic features associated with migraines, such as eye-watering and a stuffy nose, sometimes lessen after the procedure because the anesthetic interrupts nerve signals controlling these functions. Some patients may have a decrease in nausea and sensitivity to light and sound following the block.
Schedule SPG Blocks Today
The SPG block is a procedure that applies a local anesthetic to a nerve bundle behind the nose to address certain head and facial pain conditions. It may be a suitable option for individuals experiencing specific types of migraines or facial pain, although outcomes vary. To find out if this procedure is appropriate for your specific condition, schedule an evaluation with a headache center today.