Fibroids are a common concern when it comes to reproductive health. These benign growths affect individuals differently, often influencing overall well-being and quality of life. While they are non-cancerous, their presence can still lead to various symptoms that may require medical attention.
What Are Fibroids?
Fibroids are non-cancerous growths that develop within or on the uterus. They can vary greatly in size, shape, and location. Some are as small as a seed, while others grow large enough to cause physical discomfort.
They may develop in different areas of the uterus, such as intramural fibroids, located within the uterine muscular wall, submucosal fibroids, found beneath the lining of the uterus, and more. While the exact cause of their development is not fully understood, specific factors such as hormones and genetics are believed to play a key role in their formation.
Although fibroids can develop in anyone with a uterus, certain factors may increase the likelihood of their formation. These include:
- Age: They are more commonly diagnosed in individuals aged 35 to 50, though they can appear earlier or later.
- Family history: A close family member with fibroids may raise the likelihood of developing them.
- Hormonal imbalances: Estrogen and progesterone, two hormones involved in the menstrual cycle, appear to influence their development.
- Reproductive history: Those who have not given birth may have a higher risk.
Understanding risk factors can offer valuable insight that allows individuals to remain aware and seek medical input when changes in reproductive health occur.
What Are the Symptoms?
The presence of fibroids can manifest differently from one person to another. Some individuals may have no symptoms, while others experience noticeable discomfort. Common symptoms include:
- Heavy or prolonged menstruation leading to fatigue or anemia.
- Pelvic pain or pressure that may interfere with daily activities.
- Frequent urination or incontinence, caused by fibroids pressing on the bladder.
- Bloating or abdominal enlargement, particularly with larger growths.
- Difficulty with conception or pregnancy complications, in cases where fibroids interfere with reproductive organs.
Symptoms vary not only by individual but also by the size, number, and location of fibroids. For those experiencing significant discomfort or disruption to daily life, seeking a medical evaluation promptly can help clarify the cause.
How Are They Treated?
Once fibroids are diagnosed, the approach to treatment depends on a range of factors, such as symptom severity, fibroid size, and personal health preferences. For individuals with small or asymptomatic growths, healthcare providers may recommend a watch-and-wait approach. Regular checkups allow them to monitor growth and assess any changes in the fibroids or symptoms.
Procedures like uterine artery embolization (UAE) aim to shrink fibroids by cutting off their blood supply. These minimally invasive treatments can alleviate symptoms without requiring major surgery. For individuals with large or multiple growths, surgery may be recommended. Myomectomy is a procedure to remove fibroids while preserving the uterus. Hysterectomy is a complete removal of the uterus, typically opted for in more severe cases.
Seek a Professional Diagnosis From a Care Provider
Fibroids are a common part of reproductive health, but their impact is not uniform. They may go unnoticed for some, while for others, they can bring significant symptoms or challenges. The best way to manage them is through accurate diagnosis and personalized care. If you suspect you have fibroids or are experiencing symptoms that interfere with your daily life, reaching out to a qualified healthcare provider is an advisable next step. They can offer clarity on next steps, from diagnosis to treatment, based on medical expertise and individual patient needs.